2010.10.15 16:42
Can an Aspirin a Day Do More Harm Than Good? by: Emily Anthes | from: AARP Bulletin | April 30, 2010
The aspirin-a-day controversy erupted publicly in March when a 10-year study of nearly 30,000 adults ages 50 to 75 without known heart disease found that a daily aspirin didn’t offer any discernible protection. The group taking aspirin had cardiovascular disease at the same rate as those taking a placebo. Moreover, the study—published in the Journal of the American Medical Association—reported that taking a daily aspirin (100 mg) almost doubled the risk of dangerous internal bleeding. And last year the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force—a panel of medical experts—issued new guidelines for patients, recommending only those at risk for heart attacks or strokes should take a daily aspirin. Risk factors include having high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes, as well as being overweight. The panel also recommended that people over 80 not take aspirin at all because of bleeding risk. For the first time, the panel also broke down its advice by gender, recommending against daily aspirin use in women under 55 and men under 45. Is it right for you? For reasons researchers don’t fully understand, aspirin seems to provide different benefits for men and women. In men, aspirin can prevent heart attacks but seems to have no effect on strokes, says Michael LeFevre, M.D., a member of the task force that wrote the new guidelines and a professor of family medicine at the University of Missouri. Conversely, he says, aspirin appears to help women avoid strokes but not heart attacks. The new recommendations suggest that aspirin will be most beneficial to: men between 45 and 79 who have a high risk for heart attacks; “Aspirin is a lifesaving medicine in patients with established cardiovascular disease,” says Jeffrey Berger, M.D., a cardiologist at New York University who has studied the use of aspirin. But, he warns, it does come with some real drawbacks. Aspirin has been linked with chronic ringing in the ears (tinnitus), and earlier this year scientists reported that people who took aspirin regularly were more likely to suffer from hearing loss. Dangerous bleeding Some patients are more likely to suffer these complications than others; a recent review of the research reveals that men are twice as likely to experience bleeds as women, and the risk also increases with age. Researchers estimate the risk of internal bleeding for those who take aspirin is two to four times greater than for those who don’t take aspirin at all, depending on factors such as age and overall health. Even though people are more likely to bleed as they get older, researchers don’t think aspirin causes the risk of bleeding to build up over time. “In fact, it’s likely that if one is to bleed, their risk of bleeding is seen early on,” Berger says. Taking ibuprofen and naproxen—common pain relievers such as Advil and Aleve—also can make bleeding more likely. Unfortunately, this kind of severe bleeding doesn’t usually come with obvious warning signs, but sudden gastrointestinal pain can be a tip-off. The bleeding is often caused by inflammation of the stomach lining or an aspirin-induced ulcer and can result in vomiting blood or blood in the stool. The traditional point of view, LeFevre says, was: “Aspirin is a pretty benign thing. Why doesn’t everybody take one? Aspirin, as it turns out, is not harmless.” Strokes vs. heart attacks The most important risk factors for strokes include high blood pressure, certain kinds of irregular heartbeats (known as atrial fibrillation) and a condition known as left ventricular hypertrophy in which some of the heart muscle thickens. Experts agree that women who have already had strokes and men who have already had heart attacks should absolutely be taking aspirin. “You have to make sure that people with a history of heart attack or stroke do not stop their aspirin, because it could be a deadly mistake,” says NYU’s Berger. Clearly, the benefits of aspirin have to be weighed against the possibility of bleeding, and that’s a conversation that experts say every patient needs to have with his or her doctor. “This decision has to be made one person at a time,” LeFevre says. “There is no one blanket recommendation for everybody.” |
2010.10.15 16:53
2010.10.15 17:20
This article is not from New England Journal of Medicine,
but it's from AARP Online Bulletin written to the general public.
So many times, and so frequently, the prevailing winds change directions in medical science.
Any solemn medical articles, even in New England Journal of Medicine, take the similar fate.
If one's been in medical practice for a life time, he may not belive in anything.
I have seen so many "Gold Standards" having gone down the drain.
I am not saying that this is necessarily true.
If it's true, I wouldn't know how long it's going to stay that way.
Doctors, please take a research of your own regarding the Aspirin matter.